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A yeast strain secreting glucoamylase was transformed with an expression vector (pMS12) containing the promoter of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase I gene ADC1, mouse salivary α-amylase cDNA, and a segment of yeast 2μm plasmid. The transformed strain-could produce ethanol from starch (4%, w/v) through a direct one-step process with the conversion efficiency of 93.2%, during 5 days of fermentation, while the original, untransformed strain exhibited a conversion efficiency of 38.1% under the same condition. When the regulatory site of the ADC1 promoter region was removed, the production of ethanol increased to 29∼37% in the presence of exogenous 3%(v/v) ethanol in the fermentation medium.
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